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1.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 155(10): 448-453, nov. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-191726

RESUMO

Actualmente no hay ningún fármaco aprobado para el tratamiento de la COVID-19. Se emplean fármacos de manera empírica según experiencia y disponibilidad, pero no existen estudios controlados que demuestren su eficacia y seguridad. En este contexto, es importante que los médicos dispongan de información de los posibles efectos adversos tanto inmunológicos como no inmunológicos de estos medicamentos. En esta revisión se repasa el fundamento para su uso en la infección por SARS-Cov-2, así como las reacciones adversas más frecuentes; no se trata de una revisión sistemática sino narrativa. Se han incluido aquellos fármacos que se utilizan con el fin de abordar adecuadamente las dos fases clínicas que parece tener la enfermedad en su manifestación más grave: una primera fase con predominio de infección viral y una segunda fase con predominio de una respuesta inflamatoria. También se han repasado los casos de reacciones a dichos fármacos recogidas en el Programa de Farmacovigilancia del hospital antes del inicio de la pandemia


Currently, there is no treatment approved for COVID-19. Numerous drugs are being used in an empirical manner according to experience and availability. Studies demonstrating their efficacy and safety are still to be published. Thus, it is of vital importance for healthcare workers to be well informed and updated regarding possible immunological and non-immunological adverse effects regarding such treatments. In this narrative revision, the rationale use of these treatments in the SARS-CoV-2 infection is emphasized as well as their most frequently described adverse drug reactions. Drugs that are being essayed to counteract both clinical phases that are thought to take place in the severe stage of this disease are included; an initial phase where a viral infection prevails and a second phase where an inflammatory response takes over. Adverse reactions registered in the Pharmacovigilance Program of our hospital before the onset of this pandemic have also been included


Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções por Coronavirus/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Betacoronavirus/efeitos dos fármacos , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/virologia , Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Coronavirus/virologia , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Pandemias , Farmacovigilância
2.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 155(10): 448-453, 2020 11 27.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32718715

RESUMO

Currently, there is no treatment approved for COVID-19. Numerous drugs are being used in an empirical manner according to experience and availability. Studies demonstrating their efficacy and safety are still to be published. Thus, it is of vital importance for healthcare workers to be well informed and updated regarding possible immunological and non-immunological adverse effects regarding such treatments. In this narrative revision, the rationale use of these treatments in the SARS-CoV-2 infection is emphasized as well as their most frequently described adverse drug reactions. Drugs that are being essayed to counteract both clinical phases that are thought to take place in the severe stage of this disease are included; an initial phase where a viral infection prevails and a second phase where an inflammatory response takes over. Adverse reactions registered in the Pharmacovigilance Program of our hospital before the onset of this pandemic have also been included.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/efeitos adversos , Antivirais/efeitos adversos , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Farmacovigilância , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
Med Clin (Engl Ed) ; 155(10): 448-453, 2020 Nov 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33521297

RESUMO

Currently, there is no treatment approved for COVID-19. Numerous drugs are being used in an empirical manner according to experience and availability. Studies demonstrating their efficacy and safety are still to be published. Thus, it is of vital importance for healthcare workers to be well informed and updated regarding possible immunological and non-immunological adverse effects regarding such treatments. In this narrative revision, the rationale use of these treatments in the SARS-CoV-2 infection is emphasized as well as their most frequently described adverse drug reactions. Drugs that are being essayed to counteract both clinical phases that are thought to take place in the severe stage of this disease are included; an initial phase where a viral infection prevails and a second phase where an inflammatory response takes over. Adverse reactions registered in the Pharmacovigilance Program of our hospital before the onset of this pandemic have also been included.


Actualmente no hay ningún fármaco aprobado para el tratamiento de la COVID-19. Se emplean fármacos de manera empírica según experiencia y disponibilidad, pero no existen estudios controlados que demuestren su eficacia y seguridad. En este contexto, es importante que los médicos dispongan de información de los posibles efectos adversos tanto inmunológicos como no inmunológicos de estos medicamentos. En esta revisión se repasa el fundamento para su uso en la infección por SARS-Cov-2, así como las reacciones adversas más frecuentes; no se trata de una revisión sistemática sino narrativa.Se han incluido aquellos fármacos que se utilizan con el fin de abordar adecuadamente las dos fases clínicas que parece tener la enfermedad en su manifestación más grave: una primera fase con predominio de infección viral y una segunda fase con predominio de una respuesta inflamatoria. También se han repasado los casos de reacciones a dichos fármacos recogidas en el Programa de Farmacovigilancia del hospital antes del inicio de la pandemia.

4.
J. investig. allergol. clin. immunol ; 30(6): 385-399, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-196412

RESUMO

The disease caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), ie, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has become a global pandemic since it was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Its severe clinical manifestations, which often necessitate admission to intensive care units, and high mortality rate represent a therapeutic challenge for the medical community. To date, no drugs have been approved for its treatment, and various therapeutic options are being assayed to address the pathophysiological processes underlying the clinical manifestations experienced by patients. New and old drugs administered as monotherapy or in combination to immunologically compromised patients may favor the development of adverse drug reactions, including drug hypersensitivity reactions, which must be identified and managed accordingly. Given the lack of herd immunity and the high rate of viral contagion, new cases are expected to emerge in the coming months. Thus, the probability of more adverse reactions or even new clinical manifestations may increase in parallel. Allergists must receive updated information on these treatments, as well as on the management of possible drug hypersensitivity reactions


La enfermedad causada por el nuevo Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), se ha expandido en forma de pandemia global desde su inicio en Wuhan (China) en diciembre de 2019. La aparición de formas clínicas graves asociadas a la necesidad de ingreso en unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, con un alto índice de letalidad, ha supuesto un reto terapéutico para la comunidad médica. Actualmente no hay ningún fármaco aprobado para su tratamiento y se están ensayando diversas opciones terapéuticas para abordar los procesos fisiopatológicos responsables de las manifestaciones clínicas que experimentan los pacientes. Tanto el uso de viejos como de nuevos principios activos como tratamiento único o en combinación, en pacientes inmunológicamente comprometidos, puede favorecer la aparición de efectos adversos, entre ellos reacciones de hipersensibilidad de mecanismo inmunológico, que habrá que saber identificar y manejar correctamente. Es de prever que, en los próximos meses, dada la falta de inmunidad comunitaria y el elevado índice de contagiosidad del virus, sigan surgiendo nuevos casos y, con ello, la probabilidad de que aparezcan más reacciones adversas o incluso nuevas manifestaciones clínicas. Es importante que los alergólogos estén al día de las opciones terapéuticas que se están utilizando, así como de sus posibles reacciones adversas, inclusive reacciones de hipersensibilidad y cómo manejarlas


Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções por Coronavirus/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia Viral/tratamento farmacológico , Pandemias , Antivirais/efeitos adversos , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas
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